Free Abstract

This study examined “Influence Of Teacher Effectiveness And Instructional Materials On Students Performance In  English Language In Senior  Secondary School in Ndokwa West Local Government Area Of Delta”. Methodology: Relevant data were drawn from selected teachers and students from secondary schools in Ndokwa west, using a well-structured questionnaire. Chi-square was used to check the hypotheses. The result of the findings revealed that  There is an Influence Of Teacher Effectiveness On Students Performance In  English Language In Senior  Secondary School in Ndokwa West Local Government Area Of Delta and There is a relationship between Teacher Effectiveness And the use of Instructional Materials In  English Language In Senior  Secondary School in Ndokwa West Local Government Area Of Delta . Study conclusion and policy recommendations: The study concluded that In conclusion, the study on the influence of teacher effectiveness and instructional materials on students' performance in English language in senior secondary schools in Ndokwa West Local Government Area of Delta State highlights the significant role that both teacher competence and the appropriate use of instructional materials play in enhancing academic outcomes. Effective teaching methods, characterized by clear communication, proper classroom management, and the use of diverse instructional resources, have been shown to positively impact students' understanding and engagement in English language learning. Instructional materials, such as visual aids, multimedia tools, and textbooks, serve to reinforce lessons, making the learning experience more interactive and accessible. Finally the study recommends: that Teachers should be encouraged to engage in workshops and training that explore innovative approaches to teaching English language, as well as effective use of technology in the classroom.

(Free format)  Chapter one 

1.1 Background to the Study

The English Language assumes a vital position in Nigeria’s education system as a core subject taught at secondary level and also as the language of communication, instruction and administration. Competence in the English Language is important for success in all disciplines because it forms the medium of instruction in many Nigerian schools. In addition, the academic performance of students in the English Language affects the general performance of the learners and determines their future academic success.

Teacher Effectiveness plays a critical role in the success of students in their academics. Teacher Effectiveness refers to how successful teachers have been in helping learners acquire knowledge through efficient lesson planning, classroom management, subject mastery, communication skills and teaching methods. Effective teachers are capable of creating conducive classroom environments in which learners can learn effectively. As per recent studies in the field of education, teacher effectiveness is identified as one of the greatest determinants of success among students in learning languages (Adeyemi et al., 2026).

Instructional materials, on the other hand, consist of all tools, resources and aids used by teachers for the purpose of making teaching and learning process effective. Examples of instructional materials include books, charts, flashcards, audio-visual materials, projectors, computer based learning, and other tangible objects that aid learning process. Instructional materials assist in the simplification of complex issues, stimulate learning interest and promote understanding. Findings from studies conducted show that students who are exposed to appropriate instructional materials tend to excel in English Language than those who were not exposed to such materials (Okonkwo & Ibrahim, 2026).

Senior Secondary Schools, the teaching and learning process for English Language entails various skills like listening, speaking, reading and writing. In the acquisition of these skills, there is a need for good teaching approaches and instructional materials for effective teaching and learning to take place. Unfortunately, in Nigeria's public school system, problems like inadequate numbers of qualified teachers, instructional materials, large classes, and lack of training programs for teachers have been identified as factors impeding the teaching and learning of English Language..

Similarly, recent research has shown that the effectiveness of teachers plays an important role in helping students perform successfully in English Language. Teachers who are skilled in teaching techniques, knowledgeable in their subjects, and innovative in their approaches can help raise students’ academic performance. On the other hand, teachers who are not effective at all times have difficulties passing the content knowledge across to the students, causing them poor comprehension and underperformance (Umar & Bello, 2026).

The use of instructional materials in English Language teaching plays a key role in motivating and engaging students in the course. The materials enable students to easily comprehend the language grammar rules, vocabulary usage, pronunciations, and comprehension techniques. Failure by the teachers to use instructional materials makes the lessons purely theoretical, resulting in low engagement and poor performance among students.

Therefore, the importance of studying the impact of teacher effectiveness and instructional materials on the performance of students in English Language cannot be underestimated. This paper intends to study the variables in detail.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Despite the significance of English Language in Nigeria's education sector, the academic performances of students in the subject continue to be poor in examinations such as WAEC and NECO held at senior secondary school level in Nigeria. The poor performance of students in this subject has created anxiety amongst educational stakeholders.

The first possible problem associated with this issue includes ineffective teaching. Many teachers might lack enough training and mastery in subject knowledge in teaching English Language. Some might teach using obsolete techniques and not involve the learners in any way thus making the students fail to understand and perform poorly academically.

The second problem is inadequate utilization of instructional materials. Lack of enough teaching materials like language laboratories and audiovisual apparatuses in the secondary schools hinders good understanding of English Language concepts. In addition to that, most teachers do not know how to effectively apply instructional materials to improve teaching of the subject. Many researches have been carried out on students' performance in English language, but no research has so far investigated the relationship between effectiveness of teachers and instructional materials in influencing students' academic performance in senior secondary schools. This research aims at bridging the existing gap by looking into the effect of these variables on students' performance in English Language..

1.3 Objectives of the Study

General Objective

The general objective of this research is to investigate the influence of teacher effectiveness and instructional materials on students' performance in English Language in senior secondary schools.

Specific Objectives

This study aims at:

1. Establishing the influence of teacher effectiveness on students' performance in English Language.

2. Investigating the effect of instructional materials on the academic performance of students in English Language.

3. Evaluating the availability of instructional materials in senior secondary schools.

4. Determining the degree of teacher effectiveness in the teaching of English Language.

5. Exploring the effect of the interaction of teacher effectiveness and instructional materials on students' performance.

1.4 Research Questions

1. What is the effect of teacher effectiveness on students’ achievement in English Language?

2. How do instructional materials impact on students’ achievement in English Language?

3. What is the extent of instructional materials available in senior secondary schools?

4. What is the effectiveness of teachers’ teaching English Language?

5. What is the joint effect of teacher effectiveness and instructional materials on students’ achievement?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

Null Hypothesis (H0)

There is no significant correlation between teacher effectiveness, instructional materials and performance of students in English Language.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1)

There is a significant correlation between teacher effectiveness, instructional materials and performance of students in English Language.

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

This section presents a review of works of different authors around the world on various areas of interest for the study based on and guided by the stated objectives to be investigated by the current study. However, the chapter also presents a summary of literature review.

2.2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.2.1 Behaviorist Learning Theories

2.3 CONCEPTUAL REVIEW

2.3.1 CONCEPT OF TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS

2.3.2 CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT AND STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE 

CONCEPT OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE