1.0 CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

1.1 Background to the study

According to Abiodun-Oyebanji (2016) the gauge by which the nation's accomplishments and goals are measured is the teacher. The value and potential of a nation are assessed in and through the work of the teacher, and the citizens of that nation are a magnified version of their teacher. They are the true architects of nations. A dynamic force in the school is the instructor. According to the poem "Role of Teacher," "A school without a teacher is like a body without the soul, a framework without flesh and blood, or a shadow without substance." Since education has profoundly changed and developed in recent years as a result of cultural, social, and political developments, management style has a significant impact on the effectiveness of teachers in the classroom (Abiodun-Oyebanji 2016). The effectiveness of the educational system to achieve its objectives of teaching fundamental skills, instilling values, reducing dropouts, and creating a productive workforce is being closely examined by both public and private interests. Such a weighty responsibility necessitates a strong commitment to living up to the high standards.

The "Principals' Role" of educational systems is to nurture and educate the next generation. The smooth operation of schools is greatly influenced by school administrators (Ibrahim and Al-Tuneyi,2016). They participate in almost every area of running their schools. Principals, assistant principals, and other personnel who assist in running schools are included in the category of school administrators at the elementary, middle, and high school levels. The phrase "Duties and Responsibilities of Administrators. According to Ibrahim and Al-Tuneyi (2016) educational administrator performs a particular and different job. He is an executive, as he occupies a managerial post; a manager, as he manages educational processes; a public official as he addresses oneself to certain publics; a professional, as he follows his career line; and, an educator who needs to excel in the field. Therefore, in order to pursue that focus with vigour and the reliability as an educational administrator, he or she must concentrate on particular areas of concern, such as executive positions, process management, careers in public concern, and disciplines or fields of study. Given the aforementioned considerations, it is extremely important or valuable to find effective management approaches in order to assure the highest levels of teachers' morale, productivity, and performance. There are various leadership philosophies, and each has advantages and disadvantages. An individual must take a variety of related aspects into consideration in order to determine the optimal management style for them. Therefore, choosing the best management style to use is a task that demands some thought.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

There is ample proof that the efficiency of instructors, as seen in the overall growth of their students, determines the quality of education. However, it has been shown that the majority of teachers are ineffective educators. They don't appear to be committed to and effective at their job as teachers.. They don't appear to be prepared to put in the necessary effort to help their students perform at their best. Exam mercenaries, young pregnancies, high dropout rates, and other social vices like street begging, hooliganism, drug misuse, and a potential disintegration of the educational system are all effects of ineffective teachers that could risk the future growth of the country. As a result of the suggestion that observed teacher inefficiency in public secondary schools, it is necessary to determine whether or not the leadership style used by the principals in those schools is to blame.. Therefore, the study investigated Managerial Style of Public Junior Secondary Schools and Private Junior Secondary Schools in Kastina State.

1.3 Objectives Of The Study

The general objective of this study is to managerial style of public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools. the specific objectives are to:

1 To examine the impact of Autocratic management style on teachers’ performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area

2 To examine the relationship betwen Paternalistic Management Style and teachers’ Performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area

3 To examine the relationship between Laissez-Faire Management Style and teachers’ Performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area

4 To examine the impact of Democratic Management Style on teachers’ Performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area

1.4 Research Questions

1 What is the impact of Autocratic management style on teachers’ performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area?

2 What is the relationship betwen Paternalistic Management Style and teachers’ Performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area?

3 What is the relationship between Laissez-Faire Management Style and teachers’ Performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area?

4 What is the impact of Democratic Management Style on teachers’ Performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area?

1.5 HYPOTHESES

Hypothesis 1:

HO: there is no significant  impact of Autocratic management style on teachers’ performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area

H1: there is a significant impact of Autocratic management style on teachers’ performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area

Hypothesis 2

HO: there is no significant relationship between Paternalistic Management Style and teachers’ Performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area

H1: there is a significant relationship between Paternalistic Management Style and teachers’ Performance in public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in Kastina local government Area

1.6      Significant Of The Study

The study is significant to the field of education. It is built upon the available body of knowledge relating to teacher morale and principal’s leadership behavior’s. Several studies have looked at the relationship between teachers performance and principal’s managerial leadership behavior. However, this study focuses on some selected school in Kastina Local Government Area of Kastina State. This is to provide an in depth looked into the challenged level of education.

Furthermore, the study is important to the school system, it can leads to the improvement in the principal’s programme in order to raise the level of teachers morale and performance.

1.7   scope and limitation of the study 

The study is based on managerial style of public junior secondary schools and private junior secondary schools in kastina state. The following are the limitations of the study;

1.     Uncooperative attitude of some of the respondents who refused to complete the questionnaires given to them or to be interviewed for fear of official reprisal. Their refusal to cooperate adversely affected the amount of data collected through primary sources.

2.     Financial Constraint: The study could have been very extensive if more organizations were included. But the researcher could not afford the cost involved. Thus, the study is restricted to only one corporate organization.

3.     Time Constraint: The researcher could not complete the study within a record time because of the pressure of other academic works on the researcher.