CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1:1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Bribery and corruption have done much damage in this country. They are both cancerous and contagious, and It appears every is corrupt and bribe conscious because of our economic depression.

Bribery and corruption are social ills that have bedeviled Nigeria; it has eaten deep into our national existence. Bribery and corruption have been seen to be very prominent in Nigeria society and study of these as social phenomena is imperative because it is a central problem of human society.

Macmillan contemporary dictionary (1979) defined corruption as a deviation from honest, influenced by bribery; an inducement in cash or kind to secure services or good from public officials or other agencies through illegitimate or unlawful or irregular means

On the other hand, a bribe is defined as price reward, gift or favour bestowed or promise with a view to present the judgment or compute the conduct especially of a person in a position of trust.

Some gormless lecturers take delight in having immoral dealings with their female students they award high marks to those beautiful undergraduates.

In addition, some lecturers demand some amount from some students that concluded not to buy the handout or were unable to pay for it. Some even collect money for late submission of assignment and yet undercoat their scores, living them in a position to see his / her failure or give bribe.

Similarly, an old pensioner of Enugu State complained bitterly that he was asked to pay the sum of #5000.00 as bribe before his total gratuity could be computed and paid to him. When the old man was unable to meet the demand, his personal file was declared missing and further action on his gratuity was suspended while his colleagues who coughed out money to those concerned with the gratuity had collected their entitlement long ago.

In WAEC and JAMB offices for one of to obtain forms from these places, one had to grease the palm of clerks responsible for the sale of these forms. If one fails to comply as pointed out above, one may not obtain these forms urgently until the eleventh hour, when one may now face the possibility of late submission which ordinarily attract a fine of less than #500.00

Some employers in various offices take bribe from the poor applicant before he employs him, and when he is employed, the applicant (now an employee) in turn steal from his employer.

Moreso, policemen according to the nature of their work, found more guilty of bribery and corruption than any other people in other walks of life. For instance, the corrupt traffic policemen takes bribe from the reckless driver and allow him to drive the defected vehicle an even without a driving license.

In different academic institutions, bribery and corruption are the talk of the day, it has eaten deep into our nation’s existence, it has being a culture or a system too of which the results gotten from our different institution do not portray the real academic performance of the students and as a result of this, the brilliant ones and less privileged are the victims. It is because of the cankerworm of bribery and corruption which has eaten deep into the fabrics of our academic institutions that prompted the researcher to choose this very topic, “THE IMPLICATION OF BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE’, and has chosen IMT Enugu as a case study.

1.2   STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.

Bribery and corruption are interwoven and inseparable. It has debased individuals and rubbed off their sense of values. It has caused us many problems, which include:

1. Preponderance of social ills (Robbery, rape, mob action) and educational malpractices.
2. Non payment of salaries--- our lecturers and workers, in order walks of life are no longer paid as at when due.
3. Non-chalets attitude towards education affect learning in Institute of Management and Technology, Enugu.
4. Insecurity of lives and property--- inefficiency of the police force.

1:3   THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY.

The purpose of the study: The implication of bribery and corruption on students academic performance, a case study of IMT, Enugu, centers on the statement of the problems which includes the following:

1. To find out to what extent preponderance of social ills (Robbery, Rape, Mob action) create educational malpractice in IMT Enugu.
2. To determine to what extent the non payment of salaries affect our students and lecturers in IMT Enugu.
3. To ascertain to what which non-challant towards education affects learning in IMT, Enugu.
4. To find out what extent the inefficiency of the police force affects lives and property in the institution.

1:4   THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY.

The scope of this study borders on many areas of students endeavour on school especially regarding their academic performance, insecurity of lives / property, non-payment of salaries and incessant non-challant attitude.

1:5   RESEARCH QUESTIONS.

To guide this project work, four research questions were formulated to ensure clarity.

1. To what extent does preponderance of social ills (Robbery, Rape, Mob action) create educational malpractice in the Institute of Management and Technology (IMT), Enugu.
2. To what extent does the non-payment of salaries affects our students and lecturers in the Institute of Management and Technology (IMT), Enugu.
3. To what extent does non-challant attitude towards education affects learning in the Institute of Management and Technology (IMT), Enugu.
4. To what extent does inefficiency of the police force affects students and lecturers’ lives and property in the Institute of Management and Technology (IMT), Enugu.

1:6   TEST OF HYPOTHESIS

The hypothesis formulated are :

Ho1:  There is no significance difference between the students and lecturers perceptions on how the preponderance of social ills create educational malpractice in IMT Enugu.

Ho2:  There is no significance difference between the students and lecturers perceptions on how the non-payment of salaries affects them. in IMT Enugu.

Ho3:  There is no significance difference at between the students and lecturers’ perception on how non-challant attitude towards education affects learning in IMT, Enugu.

Ho4:  There is no significance difference at between the students and lecturers’ perception on how insecurity of lives and property is cursed by inefficiency of the police force.

1:7   SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.

1. A study of this nature will primarily create awareness to the school management on the effect of bribery and corruption on students academic performance.
2. To provide basic information on the implication of bribery and corruption.
3. To prevent and give guidelines to the corrective measures to be carried out.
4. To arouse the students and lecturers towards efficient devotion of themselves to their mission.
5. The study will also create awareness to the government on the evils of bribery and corruption and to look for necessary ways of combating the crime effectively.
6. It also helps to assist management to improve and adopt strategies to reduce bribery and corruptions in various institutions.
7. The result of bribery and corruption is dangerous, deadly and cannot be over-emphasized.
8. A study of this nature aim at erasing this “cancer” (Bribery and Corruption) that runs in our veins, and call us order for the betterment of the mankind and for the upliftment of the -country in general.
9. Teenagers and generations unborn will be very free from this contagious disease (B&C), if the government and the entire populace will mount an implementable strategies of effectively combating the crime.
10. The students would also find this work very beneficial, as they consult it whenever they need such related information.

1:8   DEFINITION OF TERMS.

IMT          Institute of Management and Technology, Enugu.

Lecturer;         Tutorial staff in the Institute. Person that gives lecture especially at a college or university.

Crime;             Is simply defined as offence for which there is severe punishment by law.

B & C;              Bribery and Corruption

WAIC               War Against Indiscipline & Corruption

REFERENCES

Achebe C. (1990); The Trouble with Nigeria: Enugu, Fourth Dimension Publishing Company ltd.

Adewole A. (1987); A Philosophy of Education for Nigeria; Enugu, Etukokwu Press Ltd,

Micheal Banton (1972): Police Community Relations London Simon Shamd Ltd