CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Crisis emerged in the universe right from the beginning of man and has remained a re-occurring variable or decimal but not without effect.

Many interaction with the environment complied with the sophisticated present age, survival of the fittest has become a sine-qua-non. Thus, people get involved in many activities with the prime objective to satisfy their primary or basic needs (psychological and safety) and secondary needs (social, esteem and self fulfillment).

In the process to achieve these needs crisis always emerge either between employee and employers and the management of the organization.

On the other hand, organization and group strive to win bigger flame on the market so as to make profit, than rivals which will engage in crisis. Crisis is a necessary evil to us presently, hardly there is any day without news of crisis from our media whether religion, political or industrial crisis of a truth, crisis has been with us for centuries but in spite of current violent crisis in organization, government and communities potent great anger and threaten the growth and stability of the mentioned areas and society in general.

This situation requires appropriate measured and structured managing proper evil called crisis.

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

From the above background, it’s obvious that crisis is a negative element that is highly unwelcomed. Crisis de-acceleration growth and instability in the policy, it brings about unhealthy competition, destruction of lives and properties as well as foreign and domestic investors will be skeptical that their huge investment would be safe, and insecure as well as lack of trust and confidence will prevail.

Thus, for the continuity of development the country to be guaranteed, the need for public relations role in management of crisis and not be stated emphasized.

1.3     PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this research is to investigate how to manage and possible to the frequency and channel crisis to a more productive activity to promote development in the society, specifically the research purpose includes;

1. To trace the causes of crisis.
2. To examine the previous methods that will be employed to crisis in the society.

iii.      To examine the previous and why there have been unsuccessful management of crisis.

1. To offer suggested situations on how to handle crisis.

1.4     RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The research has marked out vital research questions which need to be answered as follows:

1. Does a public relation strategy play a significant role in crisis management?
2. Do land dispute caused crisis among communities?

iii.      Do intolerance among ethnic or organization caused crisis among communities?

1. Does crisis among ethnics in the country discourages foreign investors from investing?

1.5     HYPOTHESIS

The following hypotheses were formulated by the researcher to validate or investigate the research problem.

1. Government and multi-national companies’ inability to create employment opportunities does not cause crisis.
2. Government and multi-national companies’ inability to create employment opportunities does cause crisis.

iii.      Crisis does discourage investment in the country.

1. Crisis does not discourage investment in the country.

1.6     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will benefit many co-operate organization and government official to crisis management of few work have been done on the subject. Also, it will serve as a starting point for other researchers, who will also be beneficial to communities and public relations experts as more knowledge has been gained from the research.

1.7     SCOPE OF THE STUDY/DELIMITATION

The scope of this study covered the entire NLG organization and specifically discuss caused of crisis and activities of co-operate organization on crisis issues and the role of public relation crisis in management.

This researcher is faced with some obstacles in the course of gathering data for the work, among the barriers were that few works have been done on the subject matter, thus few interactive existed. Also, the unwillingness of some respondents and the organization official to provide information was another problem. Finally, the financial constraints made it very difficult for the researcher to reach a wider public at the time frame was too short.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

COMMUNICATION: James (1990) defined communication as the channels and visual aids against enemy or unfriendly interception for intelligence purpose.’ It is the medium through which relationships are established, extended and maintained.

CRISIS: Nwogu (1990), defined crisis as an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty any life can take on crisis proportion.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT: Black (1991 defined crises management as the organization deals unpredictable event harm the organization.

MANAGEMENT: Weitch (1994) opted management as the process of designing and maintaining environment in which individuals working together in groups, efficiently, accomplished selected aims through planning, organizing, staffing, teaching and controlling.

PUBLIC RELATION: Frank (1987) also defined public relation as the form of planned communication outward or inward between an organization and its public for the purpose of achieving specific objective concerning mutual understanding.

CRISIS: Problem and disagreement among the members of the community.

PUBLIC: Members of a particular society.

ROLE: This involves the responsibility played in crisis management.

GOVERNMENT: This involved a legally and constitutionally recognized set of agencies responsible in rolling a particular people.

ORGANIZATION: This has to do with the selected companies and establishment in a society.