1.0 Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background to the study

The colonial overlords' arrival in Africa marked the beginning of Pidgin English. Reputable philosophers have observed that no language is an island, implying that languages can also evolve from pre-existing ones (Akinfeleye, 2008). Pidgin English was made possible by the English language. Pidgin English was first used during the colonial era, when Africans had to learn the language of the white man to be able to participate in social events. During that time, an African man's ability to comprehend the language of the white man put him far ahead of other African men (Ihemere, 2006). Consequently, many Africans tried to adapt to the English language and during the process of transition, they created Pidgin English.When people of different languages need to interact with one another but do not have a common language, they generate what is known as "pidgin English." (Ndolo, 2005). Pidgin English is a mixture of English and local languages which enables individuals who do not share a mutual language to communicate (Akinfeleye, 2008) Stated that the Nigerian Pidgin English accommodates fun and creativity, therefore, it has been able to fill significant actual space of communication in Nigeria.

All these must have been considered by Ihemere (2006) stating that thePidgin English is more successful when used as a communication tool between ethnic groups. It is widely regarded as a highly helpful broadcasting language in the nation and is important to be adopted by some state or private broadcasting stations to provide daily news in. Job opportunities have recently arisen for individuals who speak Pidgin English fluently and well. For example, there are employment prospects in the film business, journals, newspapers produced in Nigerian Pidgin, and radio shows featuring entertainment in Nigerian Pidgin.

Since Nigerian Pidgin is well known to appeal to a wider audience from all societal segments in the nation, it is generally suggested as a replacement for traditional English broadcasting in Nigeria to allow the ignorant to thrive (Deuber, 2005). Therefore, since communication stands as a major life wire of all societies, at all sphere of the societal, cultural, industrial, educational, and all the levels needs information to optimally function in the society (Akinfeleye, 2008).

For this reason, a Pidgin is thought of as a "reduced" form of a "normal" language. It is used to describe a language that emerges when people from various sociocultural backgrounds and languages need to communicate with one another but do not speak the same language. Once a pidgin has taken hold, it is typically acquired as a second language and utilised for interlanguage communication. In this instance, conventional language patterns are changed yet are generally acknowledged to express a certain meaning using Nigerian Pidgin. In addition to evolving, the language is descended from a blend of many native languages that are spoken throughout Nigeria. Experiences indicate that Nigerian Pidgin English has become more popular among the Warri locals for whom this work was intended.

Over time, chances for development communication interactions have been provided, particularly by the broadcast media. However, citing Schramm, Moemeka (2016) claims that more is needed to guarantee a meaningful conversation. According to him, the best way to use mass media for massage is to tailor it as much to the individual neighbourhood as possible. They ought to source their shows from as close to their target audiences as they can. There should be a mechanism for viewers to offer media input, and the shows should be created by those who are knowledgeable about the culture they are discussing. According to Ativie (2010), Language serves as a window into culture and a tool for interpreting and interpreting the social experiences of individuals. In light of this, it is not unexpected that Nigerians have adapted English to become their language and a means of communicating their cultural values. The English language has been impacted by the sociocultural forces of today in many societies. Adoption of specific lifestyles—how individuals dress, eat, practise their religion, play musical instruments, etc.—reflects this effect

According to Ugot and Ogundipe (2011) defines pidgin as: a second language that emerges among people who do not speak the same language in response to particular, limited communication demands. To put it another way, a pidgin is a language that is used as a means of contact or communication between people who do not speak the same language and are not native speakers of it. Nigerian Pidgin English is widely spoken by residents of the several states that make up the Nigerian federation.

Understanding the audience perception and attitude towards the use of pidgin English in Kpoko Fm Warri is essential for broadcasters and media organizations in Nigeria and other African countries. It will help to inform decisions on the use of pidgin English in broadcasting and contribute to the development of effective communication strategies that cater to the diverse language needs of the audience.

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

It is evident that given the country's high level of lack of education and knowledge gap between the literate and illiterate, there appears to be ignorance-based discrimination in the speed at which information, particularly advertisements, is disseminated, as well as when it is propagated, when it is accurate, and the population of the country that it reaches.. However, there is a widespread belief that the majority of Nigerians, particularly those in rural regions, are not informed about matters of national importance because they are unable to understand what is being aired or advertised on television and radio due to means of communication. It is to this the study centers Audience Evaluation on the Use of Pidgin English at Kpoko Fm Warri

1.3              Objective Of The Study

In line with the statement of research problems the objectives of the study is Audience Evaluation on the Use of Pidgin English at Kpoko Fm Warri. The objectives therefore are:

1. To examine the use of Pidgin English in broad cast media and its effect on Massage efficacy.

2. TO determine the status of Pidgin English as a language of popular communication in Kpoko Fm Warri

3. To outline the benefits  inherent in the use of  pidgin English in Broadcasting in Kpoko Fm Warri

4. To outline the challenges in the usage of indigenous Language towards massage efficacy in Nigeria

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. How is the use of Pidgin English in broad cast media and its effect on Massage efficacy?

2. what is the status of Pidgin English as a language of popular communication in Kpoko Fm Warri?

3. what are  the benefits  inherent in the use of  pidgin English in Broadcasting in Kpoko Fm Warri?

4. what are the challenges in the usage of indigenous Language towards massage efficacy in Nigeria?

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

The study will carefully outline benefits of  using indigenous languages such as pidgin English to pass information making the massage more effective. Furthermore This study would enable the researcher to pass their experience on the subject matter to lecturers, media houses, schools (students) to serve as a medium for further research.

1.6  SCOPE OF THE STUDY   

The study would cover audience evaluation on the use of pidgin English at kpoko fm warri. The study is restricted to selected residents of Warri

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The researcher was faced with the following constraints in carrying out this study: Time: The time within the researcher is too short to carry on the detail study on this topic.

Resources: Another constraint of the researcher is financial resources to carry on the detail study of this topic.

Data: Another limitation to this study will be lack of data to make valid study on the research problem.

1.8 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS

To foster a clear understanding of this research, the following key terms/concepts are here defined within their operational context.

Pidgin English: In the context of this study, Pidgin English is a non-specific name used to refer to any of the many pidgin languages derived from mainly from Standard English language and two or more dominant languages present among the intended users. The researcher chooses to call Nigerian Pidgin English as NigPE or NPE in the context of this study.”

 Broadcast Media: In the context of this research, are the modern channels of mass communication that disseminates its messages via electromagnetic waves, through the sky. The major of these media focused on are radio and television broadcast outfit