CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

            Improving employee performance and morale through effective communication which make a effective in his job. Managers in general and industrial psychologist have been sticking to improve worker effectiveness in his job. As noted by from (164:191) a substantial proportions of the research in this  field has  been concerned ,with explaining individual difference in job performance. Also many of the methods used by professional industrial psychologists are directed towards increasing the level of performance of workers. Certain factors have been widely recognized as having reasonable influence on the morals and performance of employee in industrial firms. Vom (1964:91)  for instance  stressed the importance of motivation.

            Middle West and Hill (1988:3160  viewed communication between two or more people to achieve a common understanding  about an  object or  a situation. The process of communication starts with the formation of ideas by the sender (know as ideation which is the content of the message the sender want to transmit. In the next step, encoding, the ideas are organized into a series of symbols designed to the intended receiver(s) suitable  words or phrases that must  be understood by the receiver(s) and the appropriate medium or media to be used memorandum, conference, etc were selected.

            Next transmission of the message takes place  as encoded through selected channels in the organization structure. In transmission the message is then received and then decoded, or changed in to the form to be understood by the receiver.

            In the next step, the receiver takes  action or responds by filling the information, asking for more information etc. Communication has not taken place unless there is some type of feedback to the sender in the message received.

            Possible barriers exist to the communication process, and such barriers could exist in any stage of the communication process. These include poor reception poor listening semantics, Cultural difference and

Organizational climate etc.

            (Sherman et al, 1998:322). These barriers sometimes referred to as noise, could be removed or reduced through adequate knowledge of then and concerted efforts at taking certain steps such as training for improved perceptual ability, proper non evaluative  listening use of simple words, conciseness and specificity other include improving the organizational climate encouraging openness) sincerity on the part of management encouraging the needs of employees, proper timing and use of appropriate channels and media (Sherman et al;  1988:328) within and outside the organization programmes.

            Effective communication requires mutual understanding and achieving effective communication is a challenge. As middlemost and hitt (1988:317) pointed out, poor communication, is cited as the basis of conflict with in organizational problems. Good communication is also the basis of effective leadership. The motivation of subordinated and he exercise of powder and influence. The authors noted further that improving communication is not an easy task communication has also been show that an integral part of corporate strategy.              

           As subordinate may feel insulted because of a manager’s wrong choice of words in communication or that a manager has degraded him self or herself because of such wrong choice of words. Thus communication may have an important bearing on the morals of workers

        The overall performance of an organization depends on the extent to which the organization accomplishes its set down goals, which is determined largely by individual workers performance. The research meant that mangers In general and industrial psychologists in particular have lung been interested in the conditions which make a worker effective in his job. As noted by Vom (1964-191) a substantial proportions of  the research in his field has been concerned with explaining individual differences in job performance.

PROBLEMS ASSOCIATION WITH THE SUBJECT MATTER

In the ideal situation without  an organization communication is supposed to be basically a two way process from suppr ordinates to subordinates and vice versa and lateral between the vice verse level. In such a situation, the organizational climate is supposed to be open, and the nature of communication would permit the coordination of tasks. Giving of instruction shaping of ideals. Digestion of information, the solution of personnel problems and difficulties associated with the performance of tasks, with the result that works morale and performance would be enhanced and organizational goals met.

However in many organizations such as Enugu State water corporations (ENSWC) this is not the case in real life. Effective communication is very difficult to achieve. Breakdown in communication process is occasionally witnessed due to several reasons such as poor choice and quality of communication media, and other barrier to communication such as poor perceptual ability.

Poor listing ability

Poor understanding skills

Poor quality of written and oral communication wrong timing and poor frequency