CHAPTER ONE

1.0         BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Unplanned actions cannot be controlled for control entail keeping performance in the  form control is compelling actions it conform to plans. Planning and control of costs are useful for efficiency, productivity and profitability in an business organization. Cost plans come in many categories of which standard costing is involved.

            Standard costing is a  system of cost accounting which is designed to shoe in detail how much each product should cost to produce and sell when a business is operating at a stable level of efficiency and for a given volume of output. On the other hand, variance analysis is simply the explanation of the causes of deference between actual and preplanned or standard performance when an activity takes place.

1.1       STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

(A)         Difficulties arise with too frequent revision of standards especially ion an inflationary  period. This makes standards to lose their control and motivational effects.

(B)         It may be time consuming and costly to apply and to maintain up to alate.

(C)         No recognition is given to both top management and users of accounting information.

(D)         Failure to take adequate immediate actions. On cost variance reported to the management destroys the proper objectives of standard costing.