The term "plagiarism" refers to the act of intentionally stealing and utilising someone else's work and passing it off as your own, either directly or indirectly. The Latin word plagiarius, meaning kidnapper, is the root of the English word plagiarism. Writing new concepts or phrases that were either developed by someone else or from one's own prior research with the intention of publishing them is known as plagiarism, a type of research corruption. without appropriately citing the paper's original author. Plagiarism is both illegal and unethical. Plagiarism, then, is the theft of intellectual property. Plagiarism is illegal due to the large number of discourse characteristics that are employed. For example, stealing, kidnapping, and theft were frequently used to illustrate plagiarism. One of the two possible causes of plagiarism is a lack of ethics or a lack of knowledge about proper citation styles among researchers or  Nigerian students . By simply not duplicating any written materials, creating original works in their own language, and citing their sources when paraphrasing, authors can easily avoid plagiarism. By preventing and identifying plagiarism, this approach may prevent the contemporaneous or inappropriate copying of the content used in any fashion. Unfortunately, because plagiarism is becoming all too common in the study field, many writers have a tendency to disregard or ignore these basic rules.. We must all believe in and abide by widely accepted plagiarism principles as publishing and sharing ideas are essential to the scientific endeavour and the laws controlling the authoring and posting of data are unbreakable. These investigative criteria, which are independent of geography, societal tradition, or individual viewpoint, are followed in scientific study. One positive perspective holds that authors who plagiarise may not know what plagiarism entails.

HOW TO AVOID PLAGIARISM

Plagiarism is a complicated topic and comprehension of its complex issue is a precondition for successfully reacting to it Therefore, the following simple five rules are effective to avoid plagiarism.

(a) Avoid copying word for word: Even if it is your own previously published work, copying words verbatim from another paper or book is not good writing. Quotes that are quite brief are acceptable as long as they are enclosed in quote marks and the source is immediately attributed. It should go without saying that copying without putting quotation marks around it and without enough references is blatant plagiarism, yet this is regrettably occurring..

(b) Write in your own words/ style: To assist you, write down all of your thoughts without utilising someone else's phrases or even their writing style. That generally means you should refrain from paraphrasing as much as you can. It is only permissible to paraphrase or rewrite someone else's writing in your own words if it is done sparingly (for example, inside a paragraph) and the source is credited at the conclusion of the paraphrased portion. Avoiding paraphrasing is the simplest method to avoid plagiarism issues in this situation. Transfer the ideas using your own "speech" initial. It is not appropriate to combine primary and borrowed text without properly citing the latter..

(c) make sure you Cite your work if you not sure: It may be a sign that you don't write in your own words if you are citing yourself a lot for it. You should take this advice to heart and think about rewriting your paper. It is always appropriate to properly cite any description of widely recognised terms, but popular words and phrases should never be quoted or enclosed in quote marks.

(d) Totally avoid the using images, statistical datas,  from one of your own previously published articles without giving due reference: It is generally safer to not republish a statistic that you have already written. To be sure, though, please include a citation to the original paper in the caption of the table or figure if necessary. Indicate in the text that it was from your previous publication and ask for permission if you have not preserved copyrights. Avoid recycling paper from one piece to another. Write fresh text on each sheet of paper. Failure to do so will result in self-plagiarism, which is deliberate plagiarism that can occasionally be inadvertent.

(e) adequately obtain permission: You must obtain permission from the person who is not a co-author of your article and assign it to them if you want to use a figure, table, or any data that hasn't been used in a previous publication and was created or collated by them. This also holds true if you create your own figure or table using their data. Request copyright authorisation for any published picture, table, or graphic that you want to reproduce.

Conclusion

In order to help novice and non-native English writers build their credibility and improve their writing, institutions and managers should offer training and monitoring guidelines. All language learning involves borrowing words from others to some extent, therefore we must be flexible and not rigid about where to draw the boundaries between suitable and inappropriate textual borrowing. Thus, plagiarism is a difficult and complex problem.. Due to recent efforts to boost research output, which lags well behind developed nations, it is crucial to establish a strong filter to ensure that the growth is not just inflation in bars but rather a substantial contribution to academia and society at large. It is important to instill a study attitude and the relevant ethical norms in the research. The primary source for instilling those values is the teachers. They ought to set an example by their own actions.